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61.
Sandra Bedaf Patrizia Marti Luc De Witte 《Assistive technology : the official journal of RESNA》2019,31(3):147-157
This multi-perspective study focuses on how a service robot for the elderly should behave when interacting with potential users. An existing service robot and a scenario were used as a concrete case, which was discussed and analyzed during focus group sessions with older adults (n = 38), informal caregivers (n = 24), and professional caregivers (n = 35) in the Netherlands, France, and the United Kingdom. A total of seven topics—privacy, task execution, environment, appearance, behavior, visitors, and communication—were explored. The results showed that some of the characteristics mentioned were unique to a user group, but several were cross-cutting. Overall, potential users expected the service robot to be customizable in order to match the users’ needs and preferences. Also, high expectations concerning its functioning and behavior were expressed, which sometimes could even be compared to the qualities of a human being. This emphasizes the complexity of service robot development for older adults, and highlights the need for a personalized and flexible solution. One size does not fit all, and specific attention should be paid to the development of the robot’s social behavior and skills beyond a mere functional support for the person. 相似文献
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64.
Liesbeth Vanderveken Birgitte Schoenmakers Jan De Lepeleire 《The American journal of geriatric psychiatry》2019,27(5):463-471
Objective
The goal of palliative care is to improve quality of life when recovery is no longer possible. The study's objective was to widen our vision of potential (unspoken) needs at the end of life with patients, close relatives, nurses, and general practitioners to aim at more versatile but personal care. The question asked was how important patients, close relatives, and healthcare providers considered the 11 core themes in defining a good death, as described in the 2016 article “Defining a good death” by Meier et al.Methods
Specific questionnaires for general practitioners, nurses, patients, and family members were distributed in the working area of the regional palliative care network, Aalst-Dendermonde-Ninove, with the cooperation of five local quality groups, two nursing homes, and two groups of home care nurses, and data were analyzed.Results
Questionnaires were completed by 67 nurses, 57 general practitioners, 16 patients, and 8 family members. Although the 34 subthemes were generally considered important for classifying a death as a good one, there were still significant differences between general practitioners and nurses, men and women, and different age groups. Nurses found 9 of the 34 themes significantly more important than general practitioners. All groups believed a pain-free death was most important. General practitioners, nurses, patients, and close relatives found the following themes important: support of family, respect for patient as an individual, being able to say goodbye, and euthanasia in case of unbearable suffering.Conclusion
In agreement with the patient, medical care should focus on a pain-free situation during the last phase of life and not on exhausting possible treatments to prolong life unnecessarily. Appropriate care at the end of life can be broader, and all 34 subthemes can be important in early healthcare planning. Significant differences between general practitioners and nurses deserve attention because patients and family members expect that healthcare providers will work together as a team. 相似文献65.
66.
Matteo Lambertini Francesca Poggio Marco Bruzzone Benedetta Conte Claudia Bighin Evandro de Azambuja Mario Giuliano Michele De Laurentiis Francesco Cognetti Alessandra Fabi Giancarlo Bisagni Antonio Durando Anna Turletti Ylenia Urracci Ornella Garrone Fabio Puglisi Filippo Montemurro Marcello Ceppi Lucia Del Mastro the GIM investigators 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,147(1):160-169
Dose-dense adjuvant chemotherapy is standard of care in high-risk early breast cancer patients. However, its role in HER2-positive patients is still uncertain. In this exploratory analysis of the GIM2 trial, we investigated the efficacy of dose-dense chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer patients with or without exposure to trastuzumab. In the GIM2 trial, node-positive early breast cancer patients were randomized to receive four cycles of (fluorouracil)epirubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by four cycles of paclitaxel administered every 2 (dose-dense) or 3 (standard-interval) weeks. After approval of adjuvant trastuzumab, protocol was amended in April 2006 to allow use of trastuzumab for 1 year after chemotherapy completion in HER2-positive patients. The efficacy of dose-dense chemotherapy in terms of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed according to HER2 status and trastuzumab use. Out of 2,003 breast cancer patients, HER2 status was negative/unknown in 1,551 patients; among the 452 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, chemotherapy alone or followed by trastuzumab was given to 320 and 132 patients, respectively. Median follow-up was 8.1 years. No significant interaction between HER2 status, trastuzumab use and chemotherapy treatment was observed for both DFS (p = 0.698) and OS (p = 0.708). Nevertheless, there was no apparent benefit in the HER2-positive group treated with trastuzumab (DFS: HR, 0.99; 95% CI 0.52–1.89; OS: HR, 0.95; 95% CI 0.37–2.41). Although dose-dense chemotherapy was associated with a significant survival improvement in high-risk breast cancer patients, its benefit appeared to be smaller (if any) in patients with HER2-positive disease who received adjuvant trastuzumab. 相似文献
67.
Arthur I. Kooyker Esther Toes-Zoutendijk Annemieke W.J. Opstal-van Winden Manon C.W. Spaander Maaike Buskermolen Hanneke J. van Vuuren Ernst J. Kuipers Folkert J. van Kemenade Chris Ramakers Maarten G.J. Thomeer Evelien Dekker Iris D. Nagtegaal Harry J. de Koning Monique E. van Leerdam Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,147(4):1098-1106
The Dutch colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program started in 2014, inviting the target population biennially to perform a fecal immunochemical test (FIT). We obtained prospectively collected data from the national screening information-system to present the results of the second round (2016) and evaluate the impact of increasing the FIT cut-off halfway through the first round from 15 to 47 μg Hb/g feces on outcomes in the second round. Second round screening was done with a 47 μg Hb/g feces FIT cut-off. Participants were classified based on first round participation status as either FIT (15,47) or FIT (47,47) participants, and previous nonparticipants. In total, 348,891 (75.9%) out of 459,740 invitees participated in the second round. Participation rates were 93.4% among previous participants and 21.0% among previous non-participants. FIT(47,47) participants had a significantly higher detection rate of AN (15.3 vs. 10.4 per 1,000 participants) compared to FIT(15,47) participants in the second round, while their cumulative detection rate of AN over two rounds was significantly lower (45.6 vs. 52.6 per 1,000 participants). Our results showed that participation in the Dutch CRC screening program was consistently high and that second round detection rates depended on the first round FIT cut-off. The cumulative detection over two rounds was higher among FIT(15,47) participants. These findings suggest that a substantial part of, but not all the missed findings in the first round due to the increased FIT cut-off were detected in the subsequent round. 相似文献
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69.
Ashley V. Hill Natacha M. De Genna Maria J. Perez-Patron Tamika D. Gilreath Carmen Tekwe Brandie DePaoli Taylor 《The Journal of adolescent health》2019,64(3):319-326
Purpose
Syndemic theory suggests that the convergence of social, environmental, and ecological factors can interact to exacerbate behavioral health problems and are often intensified by social conditions and disparities. This study used latent class analysis (LCA) to determine gender and racial/ethnic specific classes for sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk.Methods
LCA included 18 measured socioeconomic, depression, substance use, and sexual behavioral variables from 1,664 young adults ages 18–25 in the NHANES. Models were stratified by gender and then by race/ethnicity. Logistic regression determined associations between latent class membership and testing positive for one or more STIs (Chlamydia trachomatis, HIV or herpes simplex virus-II). For each stratified analysis, classes with the lowest probability of reported risk factors in the LCA were the reference groups.Results
Class 3 in females (highest probability of reporting both socioeconomic and behavioral factors) and class 3 in males (majority behavioral factors) had increased odds of STI (females: OR?=?2.7, 95% CI 1.6–4.5; males: OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.3–4.6). By race for females, depression (highest in Hispanics), poverty, and less educated households (highest in blacks and Hispanics) were evident in classes associated with STI. Class 1 black males (majority behavioral factors) had a higher odds of STI compared with low risk white males (OR?=?16.4 95% CI 3.7–72.0) However, no other associations were observed among males.Conclusions
Risk patterns for STI differed by gender and race/ethnicity. Consistent with syndemic theory, effective STI interventions need to address socioeconomic factors and mental health rather than individual behaviors, particularly for minority women. 相似文献70.
Valeria Cento Claudia Alteri Valentina Mancini Milo Gatti Valentina Lepera Ernestina Mazza Maria Cristina Moioli Marco Merli Jacopo Colombo Carlo Andrea Orcese Alessandra Bielli Stefania Torri Laura Elisa Gasparini Chiara Vismara Andrea De Gasperi Paolo Brioschi Massimo Puoti Roberto Cairoli Gianluigi Lombardi Carlo Federico Perno 《Mycoses》2020,63(12):1299-1310